Pumps as machines have revolutionized the fluid-handling industry and are the best and only efficient means for fluid transfer through rotational energy derived from one or more driven rotors, called impellers. Based on the principle of centrifugal force, the most common variety of fluid pumping systems is a centrifugal pumps employed in a plethora of industries.
Working of a Centrifugal Pump
A regular centrifugal water pump is set in a hollow casing where fluid enters a rapidly rotating centrifugal pump impeller with vanes which then casts out the water or fluid by centrifugal force along the impeller’s circumference. The impeller’s rotation is controlled by a running motor and the power generated by the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy by the hydraulic pressure inside of the mechanism.
The speed of the water discharge is dependent on the speed of the motor, fluid viscosity, and the shape of the vanes varies the model. A horizontal centrifugal pump is used in industries where large quantities of industrial fluids are employed.
Centrifugal Pumps vs Positive Displacement Pumps
For higher flows as in chemical plants, 90% of the pumps are centrifugal where pumping lower viscosity liquids (0.1 cP) is preferred while other applications need positive displacement pumps.
With affordable centrifugal pump prices, their demand is increasing in most industrial plants mostly where water transfer is required. Different centrifugal pumps are employed in different industries that work with fluids of variable composition and viscosity.
